Guide

Codeine vs. Hydrocodone: What's the Difference?

Creator: Anna-Grace Washington
Published: 2022-05-03T12:00:00-05:00

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Written by

Anna-Grace Washington

Medical Content Writer

Medically reviewed by

Dr. William J. McCreight III, MD

Medical Director, 2019–2024

Published May 3, 2022

Reviewed and updated July 29, 2026

What is Codeine?
What is Hydrocodone?
Signs of Hydrocodone and/or Codeine Addiction
Hydrocodone Withdrawal Symptoms
Codeine Withdrawal Symptoms
Treatment for Prescription Opioid Abuse is Possible

Codeine and hydrocodone are both prescription opioid painkillers which are commonly abused in the United States [1]. Many people mistakenly believe that the only dangerous opioids are ones of the highly potent variety, such as morphine, heroin, or fentanyl. However, even the prescription opioids used to treat minor to moderate pain have the potential to be addictive and dangerous. This article will discuss the differences and similarities between codeine and hydrocodone, along with the risks associated with both drugs.

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What is Codeine?

Codeine is naturally occurring opioid derived from morphine which is prescribed to treat mild to moderate pain and is also used as a cough suppressant. When used to alleviate pain, codeine binds to opioid receptors in the body to reduce pain signals, and when prescribed to treat coughing it works by decreasing activity in the part of the brain responsible for the cough response. Codeine is considered a relatively mild opioid as compared to others, but it still carries a risk of abuse, addiction, and overdose [2]. Common side effects associated with codeine use can include dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, and sedation.

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What is Hydrocodone?

Hydrocodone is also classified as an opioid pain reliever that works by binding to certain central nervous system receptors. Hydrocodone is considered a semi-synthetic opioid that is more potent than codeine, and the drug is intended for pain ranging from moderate to severe. Hydrocodone is often used in combination drugs such as Lortab and Vicodin, which include both hydrocodone and acetaminophen. It is also available in controlled-release versions for longer lasting pain relief. Like codeine, hydrocodone also carries a risk of abuse, addiction, and overdose; however, hydrocodone has been classified by the DEA as a Schedule II controlled substance, indicating that it has a higher potential for abuse than drugs like codeine [3][4].

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Signs of Hydrocodone and/or Codeine Addiction

Both hydrocodone and codeine can cause physical dependence and addiction with ongoing abuse. Some of the common signs and symptoms of hydrocodone and/or codeine addiction include:

Using more hydrocodone or codeine than prescribed or taking it longer than intended
Being unable to cut back on the amount of hydrocodone or codeine used
Continuing to use hydrocodone or codeine despite the mental, physical, and social problems it causes
Having strong urges or cravings to use hydrocodone or codeine
Spending large amounts of time planning to get hydrocodone or codeine, using it, or recovering from its use
Needing more hydrocodone or codeine to achieve the same effects (tolerance)
Displaying withdrawal symptoms when hydrocodone or codeine use stops suddenly

Hydrocodone Withdrawal Symptoms

Withdrawal symptoms from stopping hydrocodone use are varied, and may include some or all of the following [5]:

Anxiety
Insomnia
Irritability
Sweating
Muscle aches
Agitation
Yawning
Runny nose
Tearing
Sweating
Goose bumps
Dilated pupils
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal cramping
Diarrhea

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Codeine Withdrawal Symptoms

There are a variety of unpleasant codeine withdrawal symptoms that can stem from stopping the use of codeine cold-turkey as well.[6]

Body aches and pains
Anxiety
Diarrhea
Fever and chills
Depression
High blood pressure
Insomnia
Irritability
Agitation
Muscle twitching
Nausea and vomiting
Rapid heart rate
Runny nose
Sweating
Stomach pain

Treatment for Prescription Opioid Abuse is Possible

Opioid abuse and addiction is a dangerous widespread epidemic, and if you or a loved one are experiencing signs of addiction or dependence to either codeine or hydrocodone, the expert medical staff at Briarwood Detox Center will work with you to develop a drug tapering plan and withdrawal treatment program that is best suited to you or your loved one’s needs in order for you to recover safely. Please call us today at (866) 710-7710 or contact us online.

References:

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Medical disclaimer

The content on this page is for general educational information only and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment from a qualified healthcare professional. Withdrawal and substance use conditions can involve serious health risks, so individual care decisions should be made with a licensed provider who understands your medical history. Prescription medications, including antidepressants and antipsychotics, must be used only under the supervision of a qualified clinician, and you should never start, stop, or change any medication without medical guidance. If you experience severe or rapidly worsening symptoms, signs of medical emergency, or thoughts of self-harm, call 911 in the United States or seek immediate emergency care. For confidential mental health support at any time, call or text 988 to reach the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline.

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